This scientific article presents a study of the directions of the introduction of innovative technologies in the banking sector. The authors consider innovative technologies used in banks, give examples of successful implementation of these technologies in world practice and in the Russian market, such as the introduction of digital customer service channels, online banking, the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning, the introduction of blockchain technologies and others. The article also contains an analysis of the advantages and risks of introducing innovative technologies, as well as provides recommendations for their successful implementation. In addition, the authors present the prospects for the development of the banking sector in the context of the use of innovative technologies. The article suggests aspects of the introduction of innovative technologies that are of practical interest to banks, managers and researchers who are interested in the application of innovative technologies in banks.

In the article, the author makes the assumption that the state and trends in the modern labor market affect the consumer and savings behavior of the population. As indicators that allow us to identify patterns of formation of consumer and savings behavior of the population, such indicators as employment, unemployment, labor productivity, labor price, average unemployment period, the participation rate of women, men, youth, pensioners, migrants in the workforce, education level, place of residence (city, countryside) can be used, region of the country), consumer spending and savings.

The article identifies the main current trends in the Russian labor market that shape the labor behavior of the population and determine the personnel policy of employers. It is in the labor market that the equilibrium price of labor is formed, which is the main component of the current consumption of Russian households.

The author also considers the main factors determining the ratio of propensity to consume and save.

It is recognized in the scientific literature that training in apprenticeship–mentoring programs is a very effective form of training that provides young people with skills that allow them to experience fewer problems when moving from the stage of vocational training to entering the labor market. However, a prerequisite for the successful functioning of the training system for apprenticeship–mentoring programs is the presence of a sufficiently large number of companies willing to train young people.

The factors influencing companies’ readiness for training are analyzed in interdisciplinary theoretical and applied research, the main conclusion of which is that the decision to create and implement in–house training programs (professional internship programs) is made by companies using data on the state of the regional labor market and the structure of the regional education system. At the same time, regional differences in data should be used within the same national training system. This is a significant condition for comparative studies, since the unity of the educational system allows us to fix the uniformity of influence on the decision–making about education, which is impossible when conducting an analysis at the international level.

The paper presents data reflecting the factors of decision–making by Swiss commercial companies on the implementation of apprenticeship–mentoring programs within the framework of corporate educational policy.

The article considers various methodological approaches to assessing the labor efficiency of representatives of the mining industry. The labor efficiency of workers in the mining industry has different indicators, such as labor productivity, available resources, the degree of automation and other factors. But estimating efficiency in the extractive industry can be difficult due to a significant number of variables and the specifics of each specific sector of the industry.

Labor productivity, as a key indicator of labor efficiency in the mining industry, can be measured, for example, by the amount of extracted resources (coal, oil, gas and other minerals) per employee or per labor shift, and the higher labor productivity, the more resources can be extracted with less labor costs.

The shipping industry is important for the development of the world economy. Only merchant ships around the world sail more than 50,000 units to maintain the flow of international trade, and they employ more than 1.5 million sailors representing almost all nationalities of the globe. However, in terms of the impact of modern digital technologies, Morgan Stanley defines maritime transport as a «lagging sector».

To ensure the sustainability of the shipping industry, the professional community has developed international frameworks and conventions that dictate various aspects of shipping such as design, operation, staffing and training. Among other things, it is important that the vessels are managed by highly qualified sailors. The requirements of the industry for professional training are focused on the training of seafarers who can not only manage ships effectively, but also ensure the care of the environment and the safety of passengers and crew members.

According to the analysts of the International Maritime Organization, the prosperity of shipping requires a highX quality, motivated and properly qualified workforce, and, therefore, it is necessary to revise and bring the education and training of seafarers in line with the changing requirements and challenges of digitalization.

The article deals with the essence of migration processes in various theoretical concepts, as well as existing approaches to assessing the impact of labor migration on the state and functioning of the labor market. The author has made a scientific assumption about the need to assess the dependence of the scale of labor migration on socio–economic factors of the country or region, such as the level of economic development, the level of availability of medical and social services, the level of material well–being, the level of spiritual development.

It is assumed that these factors are determined by statistical indicators for the region and should be ranked by an expert survey. Migration assessment makes it possible to predict the number and directions of migration flows and to develop measures of state influence and priorities of migration policy that ensures the economic and national security of the country.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the main trends in the innovative development of domestic machine–building enterprises, the export potential of domestic special–purpose products and machine–building products in general is considered. The main trends that must be taken into account in the strategic management of foreign trade activities of machine–building enterprises are identified. The necessity of forming an ecosystem, which includes both directly machine–building enterprises and enterprises that provide their activities, is shown, as well as its characteristics and role in improving the efficiency of strategic management of foreign economic activity in this sector of the economy. An ecosystem approach to the strategic management of foreign trade activities of machine–building enterprises is presented. The main functions and results of the functioning of the ecosystem formed in the machine–building complex are formulated. The main factors that must be taken into account when choosing strategies for foreign economic activity in the machine–building complex are determined. The direction of private and complex alternative solutions is revealed, which should include the strategy of foreign trade activities implemented in the machine–building complex. In view of the presence of many different alternative solutions related to the strategic management of foreign trade activities of machine–building enterprises within the ecosystem, the necessity of forming a controlling system is justified, which involves the creation of a single consultative structure with the participation of representatives of foreign partner companies.

The article considers the problem of using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the educational process. Based on a review of foreign scientific publications, the author defines the essence of artificial intelligence, the opportunities that it provides to both teachers and students in the framework of educational practice. It is noted that competencies in the field of artificial intelligence have become one of the important technological skills of the twenty–first century. Having competencies in the field of artificial intelligence, people can critically evaluate digital technologies in general, communicate and collaborate effectively with their help, as well as use them as a tool in the workplace and at home.

The author presents and analyzes the European structure of digital competence of teachers based on the DigCompEdu platform.

It is concluded that artificial intelligence can facilitate the work of teachers, and students can creatively solve educational problems. At the same time, teachers need to improve their pedagogical and technological competence in order to create appropriate learning conditions that make it possible to maximize the benefits that artificial intelligence provides.

At present, the tasks of the «green» economy, social planning and corporate governance are of particular importance. In Russia, the concept of ESG (environment, social, governance) is at the initial stage of its development, gradually being introduced into the financial and economic activities of an economic entity. Most foreign companies, in an effort to increase or maintain a high level of business reputation, already include ESG indicators in their reports.

In this regard, the purpose of this article is to study the problems associated with the formation of effective partnerships, the planning and implementation of which should be based on the use of a whole range of criteria: a positive credit history, a company’s rating in the industry, business reputation, as well as non–financial indicators that make up ESG — the concept of company development.

The purpose of the study was to identify key factors on the basis of which the reliability of counterparties should be determined, a single concept should be formed in establishing criteria for assessing the integrity of counterparties, and preventing possible business risks. The importance and relevance of the study are determined by the fact that it was carried out as part of the implementation of new regulations to introduce the concept of a «technical company», assess the reliability of counterparties, and lay responsibility on companies for interacting with unscrupulous subjects of market relations.

Improving the efficiency of the organization is the primary task of a business focused on strategic development in a competitive environment. This means that it will be difficult for a business to survive and compete profitably in the business world without the availability of resources that fully meet the needs of the market. It is obvious that in such conditions, business owners and business policy makers should give priority to the employees of their organization, ensuring that they are trained and developed in such a way as to ensure a competitive advantage, the effectiveness of the organization and its sustainable development. One of the factors of the organization’s sustainability and a catalyst for increasing efficiency is its human capital. Despite the fact that the development of human capital requires initial capital expenditures, the resulting benefit from investing in it does not raise doubts about the need for investments in employee training and development programs. Therefore, business owners and business policy makers are encouraged to invest in training and development of organizational human capital.

The socio–economic changes that societies have been experiencing in recent decades, caused by structural factors or specific circumstances, cause the emergence of problems, the solution of which the public sector, due to various circumstances, cannot fully provide. In these conditions, the activities of non–profit organizations — organizations of the third sector — require increasing efficiency and searching for the most effective mechanisms to ensure sustainable development and the achievement of social goals outlined in the mission of the organizations.

Practice shows that there are serious differences in approaches to management in the corporate sector and the non–profit sphere. However, the methods of strategic management and human resource management characteristic of corporations can be adapted and successfully applied in the management of non–profit organizations. The paper concludes that in general, in order for these public organizations to be more effective in efforts to improve their management processes, they should focus on strategic management and human resource management tools.

The article deals with the issues of gender equality based on the consideration of Russian and international norms, statistics of gender equality in the Russian Federation. The measures implemented in the Russian Federation to preserve gender equality, in particular the National Strategy of Action for Women for 2023–2030, the state programs «Development of healthcare», «Social support for citizens», «Employment», national projects «Demography», «Healthcare», «Small and medium–sized entrepreneurship» are considered and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative».The proposals for the preservation of gender equality in the Russian Federation for the long term are formulated. The development of a separate federal project is proposed, for example, as part of the state program economic development and innovative economy with indicators such as the proportion of women who have the same salary as men holding equivalent positions; the proportion of women holding managerial positions; achieving equivalent results in terms of the amount of time for household chores for men and women, including through development and accessibility of technologies that replace women’s labor. The development and adoption of the all–Russian standard of gender equality policy is also proposed. A standard can be a set of principles, rules, processes, an analysis of the current situation, and best practices for observing gender equality. The standard should have practice–oriented recommendations for the implementation of gender policy in the organization.

The article examines such economic categories as «home production», «household», decision–making and the effects of income and substitution.

The household is a source of labor for the labor market, a source of income in the market of finished products, a source of savings in the financial market.

Decisions on the redistribution of time between labor and leisure or labor in home production, on the share that can be spent on consumption and how to keep free money are made within the household within the budget limit. The author considered the factors influencing the decisions made.

The author presents potential opportunities for increasing the use of household resources in active economic activity, substantiated the relevance of the research topic not only from an economic but also from a social point of view.

Mainly, women are considered as a source of increased labor force, who, instead of performing family and educational functions, can enter the labor market, but many social risks of assigning part of family functions to public institutions are not taken into account in economic calculations. Studies comparing the explicit and implicit costs of women’s transition from family production to market production are of scientific interest.

The article discusses migration, one of the most important and pressing problems in the world. There are 184 million migrants worldwide, of which 43% live in low– and middle–income countries. Migration problems are becoming even more widespread and urgent due to serious differences between and within countries — in terms of real wages, labor market opportunities, demographic characteristics and climate costs.

Migration makes a significant contribution to economic development and poverty reduction, but is also fraught with difficulties and risks. Migrants often bring skills, dynamism and resources that strengthen the economies of destination countries. In many cases, they also strengthen the country of origin by providing a vital mechanism to support communities by sending remittances.

Policies to improve migration flows can help take advantage of economic opportunities and mitigate the difficulties and risks faced by migrants.

The article considers the problems of forming an optimal social policy that would allow building a more effective employment policy in the Russian labor market. The social policy of the state should ensure social stability, contribute to the equalization of the incomes of the population in the sectoral and regional sections, but not generate a class of dependents who can exist exclusively on state benefits.

The author considers the structure of employment of the population, which determines the existing contradictions in the tax, pension and social systems. The paper analyzes the problems of the Russian labor market that have developed over many years of the market economy.

The author notes the social orientation of the state in its budget policy, the share of social expenditures is growing, but in many respects they are tactical in nature.

There is a need to revise the current social policy in the country on the basis of reforming the taxation system.

The economic theory of consumer behavior is one of the key theories of modern economic science in general and microeconomic theory in particular. The theoretical and methodological apparatus for studying consumer behavior has evolved along with the development of economic theory, on the one hand, and with changes in its empirical base, on the other. Consumer behavior at the beginning of the 21st century is characterized by complexity, a combination of rational and irrational motives, social and economic values, various non–price factors that form consumer behavior trends. Of greatest interest to the authors of the article were non–price factors that influenced the behavior of Russian consumers in the last thirty years and have an impact at the present stage. On the basis of empirical research, the authors identified a number of new trends in the behavior of modern consumers, established the relationship between non–price factors of demand, trend, demand and purchase decisions.

Economic cycles have been the subject of economic research for more than 200 years, and in the modern world this problem has not lost its relevance. The article reveals the heuristic potential of institutional economic theory and the Russian school of economics in the study of cyclical fluctuations in the economy. Modern economic crises and cycles require Russian businesses to use methods and tools that are adequate to the state of the Russian economy and global economic trends. The greatest potential in the formation and implementation of strategic management in Russian companies is project management, which allows you to withstand the negative consequences of economic crises and cycles, as well as use the opportunities of cyclical fluctuations in the economy to develop business on an innovative basis.

The Sultanate of Oman is a Middle Eastern country whose treasury revenues directly depend on hydrocarbon revenues. However, like many of its neighbors, Oman is also seeking to diversify its economy by expanding the non– oil sectors in industry and economy.

The financial system and the banking sector, which is inseparable from it, are by far the largest non–oil areas in the country’s economy. Both traditional and Islamic financial institutions operate in Oman, with very good development potential.

Oman is bringing its banking regulatory framework up to world standards. However, the strong concentration of almost all banking assets in three banks makes the financial system more vulnerable to new challenges.