Intellectual property as a factor of balanced economic development

The article examines the role of intellectual property in ensuring balanced economic development of the Russian Federation in the context of sanctions pressure, technological transformation and the need to accelerate the development of its own innovation potential. The theoretical basis of the work was a retrospective analysis of domestic approaches to the interpretation of the categories «balanced development» and «sustainable development», which made it possible to establish their meaningful difference and identify the relationship between the spatial harmonization of the economic system and its ability to adapt to external shocks. Based on the generalization of scientific sources, it is proved that the balance of the economy is formed with the coordinated development of territorial, sectoral, institutional and technological components, while stability reflects the ability of the system to maintain functioning and transform in conditions of uncertainty.

The empirical part of the study is based on statistical data for 2021–2025, characterizing the dynamics of the development of advanced manufacturing technologies, patent activity and the distribution of applications in critical areas. The author found that during the period under review, the number of advanced technologies developed in Russia increased by 29,3%, with the most pronounced growth recorded in the segments of industrial computing and big data technologies, automated identification, and production information systems. Additionally, an increase in the number of active patents and an increase in the share of applications from small and medium–sized businesses were revealed, which indicates an expansion of the circle of participants in innovation activities. The analysis of patent applications in priority technological areas showed the predominance of medical technologies, pharmaceuticals and energy equipment, reflecting the concentration of innovation efforts in industries of strategic importance to the economy.

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